End of Season Harvesting, Bringing Houseplants Inside and Other October News

Banner image showing bright orange and red leaves on a maple tree, with large overlay text reading “October” and smaller text “2026.”

Listen! The wind is rising, and the air is wild with leaves,
We have had our summer evenings, now for October eves!

~Humbert Wolfe, "Autumn (Resignation)"

End of Season Harvesting

  • While some gardeners are able to keep their vegetable gardens going into November and December, many of us start to wrap up in October. Here are some final tips for getting the most out of your autumn harvests!
  • Harvest before a hard frost or before the temperatures drop below 28°F
  • Clean your garden as you go. If you've harvested your last tomato, pull the plant. Not only does this help prevent a big "final project" once the garden is empty, but good cleanup is also one of the easiest ways to reduce pests and diseases in next year's garden.
  • Keep safety in mind! Fall crops yield large fruit like pumpkins and winter squash. Practice proper lifting techniques and don't push yourself to carry more than you can handle.
  • Find a way to cover your soil. While it may be too late to plant cover crops, gardeners can use natural mulches like shredded leaves, or straw to cover the soil and prevent erosion during winter months.

Fall Harvest Tips

Warm Season Vegetables

As temperatures cool, warm-season vegetables will slow their growth and production and are often the first crops affected by frost. Harvest what you can before cold weather arrives. Tomatoes and peppers can be harvested green and ripened or used in a variety of recipes.

Herbs & Leafy Greens

As temperatures cool, some leafy greens really come into their own. While lettuce and other tender greens may begin to decline, crops like kale, Swiss chard, and escarole often continue to produce well into fall. Harvest outer leaves as needed and allow plants to keep growing.

Harvest tender herbs and frost-sensitive greens before a hard frost. Many herbs can be dried, frozen, or dehydrated for long-term storage.

Pumpkins growing in a garden patch.
Photo by Lauren Kurtz, UConn Home Garden Education Office

Pumpkins & Winter Squash

Knowing when to harvest pumpkins and other winter squash is important because picking them too early can reduce their storage life.

Harvest pumpkins when they have reached their full mature color and the rind is hard enough to resist puncturing with a fingernail. The stem should be dry and brown, and the vines and leaves will usually have begun to die back.

Root Vegetables

Cool weather often improves the flavor of many root crops. Carrots, beets, turnips, rutabagas, parsnips, and radishes can continue to be harvested throughout the fall, and some will tolerate light frosts. In fact, cool temperatures can enhance sweetness in crops such as carrots and parsnips.

Harvest root vegetables before the ground freezes solid. Mulching around plants can help extend the harvest season and make digging easier later into the fall.

Extend the Season

If you're one of those gardeners interested in extending your garden season as long as possible, these links might be for you!

Season Extenders and Growing Fall Vegetables

 

Bringing Houseplants Inside for the Season

As leaves and temperatures both begin to drop, that’s our cue to bring houseplants inside for the season. Specifically, plants should be brought in when nighttime temperatures fall below 50°F. Make sure to inspect all parts of the plant for insects and any disease symptoms. Choose a spot indoors for your plant away from any excessive heat sources such as vents.  

Light, water, and fertilization requirements differ for each variety of houseplant. Get to know your plant by doing some research to find out what conditions it prefers. This can also be found on the plant’s tag or label if it is still attached. If you find yourself unsure of how to proceed with caring for your houseplants this season, please contact us. 

Caring for Houseplants

Potted plants on a sunny windowsill.

Laurel Wilt in CT?
What is it and what should you do?

This past August, the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES) confirmed the state’s first case of laurel wilt (Harringtonia lauricola). Laurel wilt is a severe fungal disease that attacks the vascular system of its host. Plants within the Lauraceae family are susceptible to infection, including sassafras, spicebush, redbay, and avocado. Despite what the disease’s name implies, mountain laurel is not a host of laurel wilt.  

Laurel wilt is vectored by the redbay ambrosia beetle (Xyleborus glabratus). These insects are extremely small (~2 mm long) and inoculate host plants by tunnelling through their stems and woody tissue. Initial symptoms of laurel wilt include leaf discoloration, wilting, and branch dieback. As the disease progresses, dark vascular streaks become visible on the sapwood underneath external bark layers.  

As we head deeper into fall and winter, scouting for symptoms will become more difficult. Continue to monitor any potential host plants during the spring for signs of disease. Currently, molecular testing to confirm the presence of laurel wilt is only available at the CAES.

CAES Official Press Release on Laurel Wilt (9/10/26)

Laurel Wilt Fact Sheet

Find it? Report it!

 

Close-up of a weathered wooden stem with natural grain and dark streaks against a blurred green background.

Image provided by the CT Agricultural Experiment Station

Dead brown leaves hanging from tree branches among green foliage.

Image provided by the CT Agricultural Experiment Station

Remember, the pathogen is not widespread in Connecticut yet – this is not cause for panic, but rather something to be aware of moving forward.  If you have questions, don't hesitate to reach out to our office! 

 


 Interesting Insects: Autumn Meadowhawk Dragonfly

Autumn meadowhawk dragonfly resting on a finger, with sunlight shining through its transparent wings.
Photo by Pamm Cooper, UConn Home Garden Education Office

The last dragonfly on the scene in fall is the native Autumn Meadowhawk Sympetrum vicinum. They are one of the last dragonflies to emerge as adults from late July- September.

They are not fussy about habitat as long as there is some water nearby, especially with woodlands in the area. In the cool fall weather you can find them in sunny spots basking on rocks and small branches.

As long as temperatures are above 50 degrees F. they can fly, often well into November.

Learn More About the Autumn Meadowhawk Dragonfly


Native Plant Highlight: American Witch Hazel

Yellow witch hazel flowers blooming on bare branches in a woodland setting.
Photo by Lauren Kurtz, UConn Home Garden Education Office

American Witch Hazel (Hamamelis virginiana)

American witch hazel is a shrub native to Connecticut and most of the Eastern United States. This shrub blooms in October and November, making it one of the last plants to bloom for the season. Witch hazel can be grown as an understory shrub or as part of a woodland border in full sun to part shade. 

Learn More About American Witch Hazel

The CT Native Plant Availability List: Updated and even MORE user-friendly!

This native plant guide was created to assist municipalities, conservation organizations, homeowners, landscape architects, designers, and contractors with locating native plants for habitat restoration and wildlife enhancement.  

The Connecticut Native Plant Availability List, by UConn Extension and CT DEEP Wildlife Division, identifies nurseries and garden centers that grow/sell native trees, shrubs, and perennials. Along with several nurseries that are new to the list, we have also added the ability for users to view the Availability List sorted by Nursery!

CT Native Perennial, Tree & Shrub Availability List


Seeking Samples with Blueberry Rust

The UConn Plant Diagnostic Lab is seeking samples with symptoms of blueberry rust for a research project run by our collaborators at the University of Florida Plant Diagnostic Center. Symptoms include red/orange lesions on the tops of leaves with rusty orange/yellow sporulation on leaf undersides. Please contact our office if you have any questions.

Blueberry leaves becoming yellow with brown, red, and orange patches. A close up of a single leaf with a dark red patch is on the right.
Photo by D. Phillips and P. Harmon, UF/IFAS

Sample Submission Instructions


Word from the WiSE

Women in Soil Ecology, UConn Student Chapter

A Frightful Feast for Soil Microbes

This month, UConn’s Women in Soil Ecology bring you a word on what fall plant waste can do for your compost pile. While October might be spooky, there is nothing scary about composting when it’s done correctly. Fall provides an abundance of plant material, such as fallen leaves and leftover debris from flower beds and vegetable gardens. These organic materials can contribute to a nutrient-rich feast for the microbes hard at work in your compost pile.

Fallen leaves are an excellent carbon source for compost, with a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of about 50:1, while fresh plant material has a ratio of about 20:1 and provides more nitrogen. Because of this, it is important to add roughly twice as much fresh plant material as leaves to your compost pile.

Getting the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio balance right is important for healthy decomposition. Too much carbon can limit the nitrogen available to soil microorganisms, causing the pile to stay cool and slowing decomposition. On the other hand, excess nitrogen can result in the loss of ammonia gas and an unpleasant smelling pile.

As you’re cleaning up your garden this fall, think about adding these plant materials to your compost pile. With the right balance, they can become a valuable resource for building healthy soil.

By Nora Doonan – Soil Science PhD Student, UConn PSLA

Composting Leaves

Compost Chemistry


Weather Outlook

A seasoned gardener always keeps their eye to the sky at any time of year! Maps and the 30 day outlook from NOAA will help you stay prepared for any and all of your gardening chores! (Click image to see larger map.)

Monthly Temperature Outlook Map of United States
Monthly Precipitation Outlook Map of United States

Upcoming Events and Things to Do

                  Join us at Upcoming Talks!

                  Mushrooms Just for Fun with Pamm Cooper
                  Thursday, October 22 - 7:00 PM
                  Mansfield Public Library
                  54 Warrenville Road, Mansfield, CT

                   

                   

                  Events & Learning Opportunities from UConn Extension

                  Ask Us Anything: Fall Cleanup Webinar

                  Tuesday, October 20th
                  6:00-7:00 PM

                  Virtual through Microsoft Teams
                  Join UConn’s Plant and Soil Health Center for a relaxed, interactive virtual “Ask Us Anything” session focused on helping the home garden transition successfully into fall and winter. This event is for home gardeners or green industry professionals. Whether you are wrapping up your first growing season or maintaining an established landscape, our experts will share practical, research-based guidance to help you decide which fall tasks matter most for your yard. We will bring an ecologically minded and Integrated Pest Management approach to fall yard and garden maintenance. Bring your questions about: 
                  • Leaf management  
                  • Perennial plant maintenance 
                  • Disease mitigation  
                  • Soil and compost management  
                  • Lawn care 

                  The panelists–a landscape designer, soil scientist, plant pathologist, and horticulture educator are ready to discuss the challenges and opportunities you're thinking about as the growing season winds down.

                  There will be no presentations, this is a participant driven conversation! Our moderator will help get the discussion started, and participant questions are the priority.

                  Panelists  

                  • Avishesh Neupane, UConn, Assistant Extension Professor  
                  • Nick Goltz, UConn, Assistant Extension Professor  
                  • Lauren Kurtz, UConn, Research Associate 
                  • Scot Reil, Winterberry Gardens, Designer 

                  Moderator: Heather Zidack, UConn 

                  George Leigh Minor Plant and Soil Health Center Open House

                  October 17th, 2026
                  11:00AM - 3:00PM

                  27A Manter Rd, Storrs CT

                  Join us for a free, family-friendly open house at UConn’s newest center! Learn more about our services and expertise in home gardening, plant diagnostics, soil and nutrient health, and turfgrass.

                  - Tours of the new George Leigh Minor Plant and Soil Health Center

                  - Hands-on plant and soil health demonstrations

                  - Lawn and garden questions answered

                  - Free soil pH testing

                  - Free plant diagnostic/nutrient analysis coupons (limited qty)

                  - UConn Hort-club Plant sale

                  - UConn Dairy Bar will be open

                  - Wagon rides, games, prizes, and more!

                  Learn More

                  UConn Master Composter Program

                  What is the Master Composter Program?
                  Between 10 and 25% of a typical household’s waste can be recycled right in our own backyards. This significantly reduces the amount of waste that is incinerated or trucked to state and municipal landfills. The UConn Master Composter Program educates and trains state residents about the composting process and prepares participants to pass that knowledge on to others through outreach.

                  Program Details
                  Format: Hybrid, with two in-person Saturday sessions and two online evening sessions

                  Program fee: $100 per student

                  Class size: Limited to 25 participants

                  Certification: Participants must attend all class sessions and complete outreach projects totaling about 20 volunteer hours to receive a UConn Master Composter Certificate & Badge.

                  Suggested topics: Composting basics; compost chemistry, contaminants, and testing; compost recipes and calculators; community composting; earthworms; vermicomposting; and public education approaches.

                  For more information including registration and program updates, email soiltest@uconn.edu.

                   

                  2026 CIPWG Symposium

                  The Connecticut Invasive Plant Working Group's 2026 symposium From Awareness to Action - Strengthening Our Response to Invasive Plants will be in person at UConn Student Union, Storrs, CT, open to all; Wednesday, October 28, 2026.

                  Sessions include a variety of techniques for management of terrestrial and aquatic invasives, as well as restoration with native alternatives.

                  The symposium will be recorded and made available after the event. Attendees can choose to attend in person or purchase the recording. CEUs for organizations and Pesticide Recertification Credits are available.

                  $90 General Registration (in person attendance). $80 Recording Only; Student Registration Available.

                  Learn more and register at: cipwg.uconn.edu/2026-symposium/

                  Ornamental & Turf Short Course Fall 2026 

                  Registration is now open for the Fall 2026 Online Ornamental & Turf Short Course! The course runs October 7–December 16, 2026, with weekly live online sessions held on Wednesdays from 5:30–7:30 p.m.

                  Registration Cost: $400 (includes the Pesticide Applicator Core Manual, Ornamental & Turf Category Manual, and printed course materials).
                  For information on student registration or if you are retaking the course, please contact the instructor, Srikanth Kodati (contact information can be found at the end of this email).

                  This short course provides an in-depth review of the material needed to prepare for the Connecticut Supervisory Pesticide Applicator Certification Exam (Category 3A: Ornamental & Turf/Golf Course Superintendents). Students who complete all modules, quizzes, and resource materials will be well prepared for both the written and oral state exams.

                  To register for the course:
                  s.uconn.edu/turfcourse

                  For more information: https://ipm.cahnr.uconn.edu/pesticide-course/

                  Please reach out to Srikanth (course instructor) at srikanth.kodati@uconn.edu or call 860-870-6935 if you have any questions. 


                  October Gardening Tips

                            • Remove plant debris from the flower beds. Bag any diseased plant parts and put them in the trash or take them to a landfill but do not compost.
                            • Keep collecting matured seeds. Dry them out and place them in labeled brown coin envelopes within an airtight container, and store in a cool place.
                            • Remove plant debris from the flower beds. Bag any diseased plant parts and put them in the trash or take them to a landfill but do not compost.
                            • Pot up hyacinths, tulips, and other pre-cooled bulbs and store in a cool, dark place until ready to force.
                            • Sketch out where you planted various vegetables in your garden back in the spring. This will come in handy next spring so when you plant, you can rotate your crops and help prevent disease.
                            • Plant garlic from October 1st to November 15th. Place each clove pointed-side up at a depth of 2-4” about 6” apart.
                            • Prune fall-bearing raspberries after harvest. 
                            • Cold-hardy fruit trees such as Honeycrisp and Cortland apples, Reliance peach, Superior plum, most pawpaws and American persimmon can still be planted into October. Continue to water until the ground freezes hard.
                            • If root maggots have been an issue with brassicas and root vegetables till the soil over to expose the pupae to winter cold.
                            • Cut down stems and foliage of herbaceous perennials after two or three hard frosts or when leaves begin to brown.
                            • Limit herbaceous plant material located a few feet away from the house to eliminate hiding places for insects and mice, which could wind up indoors as temperatures plummet.


                            This Month’s Newsletter Contributors: 
                            Pamm Cooper, Nora Doonan, Lauren Kurtz, Emily Leahy, Heather Zidack